Family

A taxonomic division that is above genus and below order.

Fayalite

One of the two mineral components of olivine. Its chemical formula is Fe₂Si O₄.

Image can be found at Probert Encyclopaedia: Rocks and Minerals (F).

Fertilization

The process where male and female haploid gametes combine to form one diploid zygote.

Filament

In plants, the long stalk of the stamen that bears the anther. Traditionally, any long, thin structure.

Filial

Of or relating to the successive generation following the parent generation of a population.

Firn

Name given to a certain type of ice that is formed by buried and compacted snow. If buried sufficiently, it can turn into glacial ice.

Fission

A form of cell division that produces two or more daughter cells.

Flagellate

Name for any organism that bears one or more flagella.

Flagellin

The protein that makes up the flagellum of a prokaryote.

Flagellum

Image of the flagella or cilia of a single-celled organism.

A long thin organelle that extends out of a cell and is generally used for movement. In prokaryotes, this structure is made up of the protein flagellin. In eukaryotes, it consists of an axoneme built of nine pairs of microtubules surrounding an inner pair. This structure is anchored to the eukaryotic cell by a kinetosome. Plural flagella.

Forsterite

One of two mineral components of olivine. Its chemical formula is Mg₂Si O₄.

Image can be found at Forsterite Specimens.

Frequency

The number of repeated patterns in a specific timeframe, usually per second. Typically expressed in hertz (Hz).

Frond

A leaf, typically of a palm or a fern.

Functional group

An atom or a group of atoms that act as a unit, and have replaced a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon molecule and lend its chemical characteristics.

Fungi

Organisms which have a nucleus, lack the pigment chlorophyll, that can reproduce both sexually and/or asexually, originate from spores, and whose normally filamentous and ramified somatic structures are surrounded by cell walls containing cellulose, chitin, or both.

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