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Basidium
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The club-shaped microscopic structure in some fungi that bear spores. Plural "basidia." Image can be found at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew: Science and Horticulture. |
Biennial
A plant that has a life cycle that requires two growing seasons to complete its life cycle.
Bilateral symmetry
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A term that refers to living things that are only symmetric about their center. Examples include all vertebrates, including humans, and many invertebrates, like bees. In plants, it is called zygomorphic. Compare with radial symmetry. |
Binary Fission
The form of fission that produces two nearly equal daughter cells.
Binucleate
Having two nuclei.
Black hole
An object, formerly a star, whose gravitational field has an escape velocity greater than the speed of light (about 2.9988108 m/s).
Blade
In plants, the broad, flattened portion of a leaf.
Blastula
A hollow ball of cells formed after the cleavage stage of embryonic development.
Blepharoplast
A cylindrical structure found at the base of undulipodia, which contain sets of microtubules. In structure, they resemble centrioles.
Brainstem
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The lower part of the vertebrate brain which consists of the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the midbrain. |
Bud
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In plants, a swollen outgrowth or projection which can form leaves, flowers, or shoots. In other organisms, this is a form of asexual reproduction where an outgrowth or projection from the parent organism is constricted and then forms a new individual, which is a clone of the parent. The process of forming a bud is called "budding." The image to the left shows a budding flower from an iris. The image can be found at Iris Glossary. |
Bulb
In plants, an underground food storage structure.
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